5 Treatable Causes of Vaginal Bleeding

Unexpected vaginal bleeding is a common concern that can occur at many stages of life, from puberty to menopause and beyond. While it can be alarming, the good news is that many causes of vaginal bleeding are treatable once properly diagnosed.

Understanding what may be behind abnormal bleeding can help you know when to reach out to your OB/GYN specialist for evaluation and care.

Our team at North Atlanta Obstetrics & Gynecology, serving women in all stages of life from Atlanta, Alpharetta, and Marietta, Georgia, encourages you to contact us whenever you’re concerned about your health. We’re here to partner with you in diagnosing, treating, and preventing conditions that can affect your health or pregnancy.

Here are five of the most common and treatable causes of vaginal bleeding.

1. Hormonal imbalances

Your menstrual cycle is controlled by a delicate balance of hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone. When these hormones fluctuate due to stress, weight changes, thyroid disorders, or perimenopause, it can lead to irregular or heavy bleeding.

Treatment

Your North Atlanta OB/GYN provider may recommend hormone therapy, lifestyle changes, or medication to help regulate your cycle and restore balance. Bloodwork and a pelvic exam are typically necessary to help pinpoint the exact cause.

2. Uterine fibroids and polyps

Fibroids are typically benign (noncancerous) tumors that grow from the uterine wall. Polyps are small, soft tissue growths that occur inside the uterine lining. Both can cause heavy periods, spotting between cycles, or prolonged bleeding.

Treatment

Depending on their size and your symptoms, we can treat fibroids and polyps with medication, minimally invasive procedures, or outpatient surgery. Many women experience significant relief once these growths are removed.

3. Infections

Infections of the reproductive tract, including bacterial and fungal (yeast) infections, or sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can sometimes cause bleeding, especially after intercourse.

Inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) or uterus (endometritis) can also trigger spotting or discharge.

Treatment

Once diagnosed, we can easily treat most infections with antibiotics or antifungal medications. Early detection is key to preventing complications and protecting your reproductive health.

4. Pregnancy-related bleeding

Light spotting can occur in early pregnancy and may be “normal for you.” However, it can also be a sign of other conditions. Always contact our obstetrics team promptly for an evaluation of any bleeding during pregnancy.

Treatment

Your provider performs an exam and may order an ultrasound study to determine the cause and ensure your health and safety. Many pregnancy-related causes of bleeding can be effectively managed with early medical attention.

5. Endometrial or cervical issues

Changes in the lining of the uterus (endometrium) or the cervix can cause abnormal bleeding. Conditions like endometrial hyperplasia or cervical inflammation are often discovered through routine Pap smears or ultrasounds.

Treatment

Depending on the diagnosis, your OB/GYN may recommend medication, hormone therapy, or minor surgical procedures to restore normal bleeding patterns and prevent future problems.

When to see your OB/GYN

It’s essential to schedule an appointment if you experience bleeding between periods, after sex, after menopause, or unexpectedly. While many causes are treatable and not life-threatening, you should never ignore unexpected, persistent, or heavy bleeding.

We’re here to help you find answers and get back to feeling your best. Our team provides compassionate, expert care for women of all ages, from diagnosis to personalized treatment plans. Schedule a visit at North Atlanta OB/GYN today by calling the office near you or requesting an appointment online.